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Journal Issue: When School Is Out Volume 9 Number 2 Fall 1999

CHILD INDICATORS: Children in Self-Care
Authors: Nancy Kerrebrock Eugene M. Lewit

Endnotes

  1. Padilla, M., and Landreth, G. Latchkey children: A review of the literature. Child Welfare (July/August 1989) 68:448.
  2. Home alone is no place to be. Time. March 1, 1993, p. 14; Willwerth, J. Hello? I'm home alone. Time. March 1, 1993, p. 46.
  3. Illinois 720 Ill. Comp. Stat. Ann. 5/12-21.5 (West Supp. 1998). As reported in National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect, National Clearinghouse on Child Abuse and Neglect, National Center for Prosecution of Child Abuse. Crimes: Criminal neglect and abandonment. Child abuse and neglect state statutes series. Vol. V, no. 32. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect, 1997.
  4. State of Maryland Family Law 5-801. Confinement in dwelling, building, enclosure, or motor vehicle. Provided by Anne Arundel County Department of Social Services, Annapolis, Maryland. Contact: Madelyn Williams, Protective Supervisor, (410) 269-4701.
  5. Telephone conversation with Linda Spears, Child Protection Program Director, Child Welfare League of America, Washington, DC, January 6, 1999.
  6. Banks, S. Home alone: A crime or questionable parenting? Los Angeles Times. June 26, 1998, at E1. See also, Pasco, J. Case highlights problem of children left home alone. Los Angeles Times. June 20, 1998, at A1.
  7. See, for example, Anne Arundel County Department of Social Services. Four steps to determine if your child is old enough to stay home alone. Annapolis, MD: Anne Arundel County Department of Social Services, 80 West Street, Annapolis, MD 21401.
  8. Peterson, L. Latchkey children's preparation for self-care: Overestimated, underrehearsed, and unsafe. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology (1989) 18:36–43.
  9. Hofferth, S.L., Brayfield, A., Deich, S., and Holcomb, P. National child care survey, 1990. Urban Institute report 91-5. Washington, DC: The Urban Institute Press, 1991.
  10. Smith, K., and Casper, L. Home alone: Reasons parents leave their children unsupervised. Draft paper presented at the Annual Meetings of the Population Association of America. New York, March 25–27, 1999.
  11. Rodman, H., Pratto, D., and Nelson, R. Toward a definition of self-care children: A commentary on Steinberg. Developmental Psychology (1988) 24:294.
  12. Vandell, D., and Posner, J. Conceptualization and measurement of children's after-school environments. In Measuring environment across the life span. S. Friedman and T. Wachs, eds. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 1999.
  13. O'Connell, M., and Casper, L. Where have all the hours gone? Uncovering and resolving problems in questionnaire design: The case of estimating children's self-care. Table 1. Paper presented to the Annual Meeting of the Population Association of America. San Francisco, April 1995.
  14. See note no. 13, O'Connell and Casper. The 1995 SIPP, not represented on Table 1, is counted as the 16th survey.
  15. See note no. 10, Smith and Casper, p. 3.
  16. The NCCS designated children in regular self-care as children who were "ever in self-care." The definition in this article of regular self-care is the same as the NCCS definition of "ever in self-care."
  17. See note no. 10, Smith and Casper, pp. 10–13.
  18. See note no. 10, Smith and Casper, p. 17.
  19. See note no. 10, Smith and Casper, Table 3.
  20. Laird, R., Pettit, G., Dodge, K., and Bates, J. The social ecology of school-age child care. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology (1983) 19:341–60, Table 1.
  21. See note no. 9, Hofferth, Brayfield, Deich, and Holcomb, Figure 5.25 and Table 2.3.
  22. U.S. Bureau of the Census. After school care of school-age children, December 1984. Current population reports. Series P-23, no. 149. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1987, Table 5.
  23. Cain, V., and Hofferth, S. Parental choice of self-care for school-age children. Journal of Marriage and the Family (February 1989) 51:76.
  24. See note no. 13, O'Connell and Casper, p. 9.
  25. See note no. 1, Padilla and Landreth, p. 446.
  26. See note no. 9, Hofferth, Brayfield, Deich, and Holcomb, p. 293.
  27. See note no. 13, O'Connell and Casper, p. 10.
  28. Kraizer, S., Witte, S., Fryer, G., and Miyoshi, T. Children in self-care: A new perspective. Child Welfare (November/December 1990) 69:571–80.
  29. Vandell, D., and Su, H.-C. Child care and school-age children. Unpublished manuscript prepared for the University of Wisconsin. March 1999, p. 6.
  30. See note no. 10, Smith and Casper, p. 12.
  31. See note no. 28, Kraizer, Witte, Fryer, and Miyoshi, Table 1.
  32. See note no. 23, Cain and Hofferth, p. 66.
  33. See note no. 9, Hofferth, Brayfield, Deich, and Holcomb, Figure 5.25.